Jonah (translation by the Jewish Publication Society)

(Meschonnic’s translation is below)

Chapter 1

The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai:

Go at once to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim judgment upon it; for their wickedness has come before Me.

Jonah, however, started out to flee to Tarshish from the LORD’S service. He went down to Joppa and found a ship going to Tarshish. He paid the fare and went aboard to sail with the others to Tarshish, away from the service of the LORD.

But the LORD cast a mighty wind upon the sea, and such a great tempest came upon the sea that the ship was in danger of breaking up.

In their fright, the sailors cried out, each to his own god; and they flung the ship’s cargo overboard to make it lighter for them. Jonah, meanwhile, had gone down into the hold of the vessel, where he lay down and fell asleep.

The captain went over to him and cried out, “How can you be sleeping so soundly! Up, call upon your god! Perhaps the god will be kind to us and we will not perish.”

The men said to one another, “Let us cast lots and find out on whose account this misfortune has come upon us.” They cast lots and the lot fell on Jonah.

They said to him, “Tell us, you who have brought this misfortune upon us, what is your business? Where have you come from? What is your country, and of what people are you?”

“I am a Hebrew,” he replied. “I worship the LORD, the God of Heaven, who made both sea and land.”

The men were greatly terrified, and they asked him, “What have you done?” And when the men learned that he was fleeing from the service of the LORD—for so he told them—they said to him, “What must we do to you to make the sea calm around us?” For the sea was growing more and more stormy.

He answered, “Heave me overboard, and the sea will calm down for you; for I know that this terrible storm came upon you on my account.”

Nevertheless, the men rowed hard to regain the shore, but they could not, for the sea was growing more and more stormy about them.

Then they cried out to the LORD: “Oh, please, LORD, do not let us perish on account of this man’s life. Do not hold us guilty of killing an innocent person! For You, O LORD, by Your will, have brought this about.”

And they heaved Jonah overboard, and the sea stopped raging.

The men feared the LORD greatly; they offered a sacrifice to the LORD and they made vows.

Chapter 2

The LORD provided a huge fish to swallow Jonah; and Jonah remained in the fish’s belly three days and three nights.

Jonah prayed to the LORD his God from the belly of the fish.

He said:

In my trouble I called to the LORD,
And He answered me;
From the belly of Sheol I cried out,
And You heard my voice.

You cast me into the depths,
Into the heart of the sea,
The floods engulfed me;
All Your breakers and billows
Swept over me.

I thought I was driven away
Out of Your sight:
Would I ever gaze again
Upon Your holy Temple?

The waters closed in over me,
The deep engulfed me.
Weeds twined around my head.

I sank to the base of the mountains;
The bars of the earth closed upon me forever.
Yet You brought my life up from the pit,
O LORD my God!

When my life was ebbing away,
I called the LORD to mind;
And my prayer came before You,
Into Your holy Temple.

They who cling to empty folly
Forsake their own welfare,

But I, with loud thanksgiving,
Will sacrifice to You;
What I have vowed I will perform.
Deliverance is the LORD’S!

The LORD commanded the fish, and it spewed Jonah out upon dry land.

Chapter 3

The word of the LORD came to Jonah a second time:

”Go at once to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim to it what I tell you.”

Jonah went at once to Nineveh in accordance with the LORD’S command. Nineveh was an enormously large city a three days’ walk across.

Jonah started out and made his way into the city the distance of one day’s walk, and proclaimed: “Forty days more, and Nineveh shall be overthrown!”

The people of Nineveh believed God. They proclaimed a fast, and great and small alike put on sackcloth.

When the news reached the king of Nineveh, he rose from his throne, took off his robe, put on sackcloth, and sat in ashes.

And he had the word cried through Nineveh: “By decree of the king and his nobles: No man or beast-of flock or herd-shall taste anything! They shall not graze, and they shall not drink water!

They shall be covered with sackcloth-man and beast-and shall cry mightily to God. Let everyone turn back from his evil ways and from the injustice of which he is guilty.

Who knows but that God may turn and relent? He may turn back from His wrath, so that we do not perish.”

God saw what they did, how they were turning back from their evil ways. And God renounced the punishment He had planned to bring upon them, and did not carry it out.

Chapter 4

This displeased Jonah greatly, and he was grieved.

He prayed to the LORD, saying, “O LORD! Isn’t this just what I said when I was still in my own country? That is why I fled beforehand to Tarshish. For I know that You are a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger, abounding in kindness, renouncing punishment.

Please, LORD, take my life, for I would rather die than live.”

The LORD replied, “Are you that deeply grieved?”

Now Jonah had left the city and found a place east of the city. He made a booth there and sat under it in the shade, until he should see what happened to the city.

The LORD God provided a ricinus plant, which grew up over Jonah, to provide shade for his head and save him from discomfort. Jonah was very happy about the plant.

But the next day at dawn God provided a worm, which attacked the plant so that it withered.

And when the sun rose, God provided a sultry east wind; the sun beat down on Jonah’s head, and he became faint. He begged for death, saying, “I would rather die than live. ”

Then God said to Jonah, “Are you so deeply grieved about the plant?” “Yes,” he replied, “so deeply that I want to die.”

Then the LORD said: “You cared about the plant, which you did not work for and which you did not grow, which appeared overnight and perished overnight.

And should not I care about Nineveh, that great city, in which there are more than a hundred and twenty thousand persons who do not yet know their right hand from their left, and many beasts as well!”


Jonah (my English rendition of Henri Meschonnic’s French translation from the Hebrew)

I

1

And there was             the word of Adonai
to Jona son of Amittai               saying

2
Get up               go to Niniva               the large city
      and cry to it

                                      For the evil they do is
up               upon me

3
And Jona got up               to flee to Tarchich
              in front of               Adonai

                                      And he went down to Jaffa
      and he found a boat               going to Tarchich       and he paid the fare       and he       went down into it               to go with them       to Tarchich                                       in front of               Adonai

4
And Adonai       sent a strong wind       across
the sea       and there was a large storm               at sea

                                      And the boat                                       believed               it would crash

5
And the sailors were afraid               and they cried out               each to his god       and they threw the objects               that were in the boat               into the sea       to become               lighter

                                      And Jona             he went down               to the bottom of the ship               and he
lay down               and fell asleep

6
And the captain               walked up to him       and said to him                 why are you sleeping

                                      Get up       cry to your god       perhaps       the god will consider                                       us               and we will not be lost

7
And they said               one to another                 go and draw lots               and we will know                                       by whom               this evil is on us

                                      And they drew
lots                                       and the lot fell               on Jona

8
And they said to him                                       oh tell us                                       you who               brought this             evil       upon us

                                      What is your job               and
where are you from                 what is your land       and of what people               are you

9
And he said to them       me I am a Hebrew

                                      And it is Adonai               God of heaven               that I fear       who made the sea               and the land

10
And the men were afraid               very afraid                                       and they said to him

what did you do
                                      Because the men knew               that he       fled God               because       he told               them

11
And they said to him               what will we      
      do to you       so the sea will calm down       for us

                                      Because the sea               will storm

12
And he said to them               lift me               and throw me into the sea               and the             sea will be calm               for you

                                      Because I know                                       that it is by me                                       that this               large storm       is on you

13
And the men rowed               to return       to land                                       and they could not

                                      Because the sea               stormed               on them

14
And they cried out to God               and they said               oh Adonai               oh let us not be lost               by the soul               of this man               and do not put on us               innocent blood

                                      For you are Adonai what you wish               you do

15
And they took       Jona                                       and they threw him               into the sea

                                      And the sea stopped raging

16
And the men were afraid               very afraid
of Adonai
                                      And they made a sacrifice               to Adonai                                       and they made               vows

II

1
And Adonai set out               a large fish                                       to swallow               Jona

                                      And there was Jona               in
the belly of the fish               for three days               and three nights

2
And Jona prayed               to Adonai               his God

                                      From the belly               of the fish

3
And he said               in my trouble I cried to Adonai               and he answered

                                      From the womb of death       I called               you heard my voice

4
And you threw me in an abyss       in the heart of the sea                                       and a current came around me

                                          All your breakers and your waves               passed over me

5
And me I said                                       I have been running               from before your eyes

                                      Yet               I will not stop       to look               on the palace               of your holiness

6
Water engulfed me               the abyss surrounded               my soul

              Rushes wrapped               around my head      

7
The roots of the mountains               I went down               the earth               locked behind me               forever

                                      And you gave me back from the grave               my life               Adonai my God

8
When my soul               was faint in me               Adonai               I remembered

                                      And my prayer               came to you                                       to the palace               of your holiness

9
Watchers of               wind and blur

                                      Their faith       will relinquish

10
And me               with the voice of thanksgiving               I will make you a sacrifice                                       the vows I made I                                       will keep

                                      Rescue               is       by                                       Adonai

11
And Adonai spoke to               the fish

                                      And it vomited Jona               to               land

III

1
And there was the word of Adonai               to Jona               a second time saying

2
Get up               go to Niniva               the large city       and cry to it

                                      For the evil they do is up               upon me

3
And Jona got up                 to go               to Niniva                                       according to the word of Adonai

                                      And Niniva               was a large city               for God               a walk                                           of three days

4
And Jona began               to go into the                                       city       for a walk of one day

                                      And he cried               and he said               Forty days more               and Niniva                                       is overturned

5
And the people of Niniva               had faith               in God

                                      They called a fast                                           and dressed in sacks                                           their large               and small alike

6
And the word came               from the king of Niniva               and he rose               from his throne               and removed the splendor               on him

              And he covered himself in a sack               and he sat                                       in ashes

7
And he proclaimed                                       and said               in Niniva               by the preference of the king               and his nobles

                                      Man and cattle               big and small               will not taste               anything                                       into the fields they will not go               and water               they will not drink              

8
And man               and cattle               will be covered in sacks                                       and they will be open again to God                                       in abundance

                                      And turn back                                       each from their evil way               and the bitterness that is in their palms

9
Who knows God may turn back               and have remorse              

                                      And turn back               the burning of his anger               and we will not be lost

10
And God saw               what they did                                       they turned back               from their evil way

                                      And God was remorseful                                                     for the evil               which he thought to do to them               and he did not do it

IV

1
And it was evil to Jona               a great evil

                                      And he burned with anger

2
And he prayed to Adonai               and he said oh Adonai               was this not my word               when I was               on my land               This is why before               I fled to Tarchich

                                      Because I know               that you are               a god of graciousness and compassion               and abundant in kindness       and remorseful               of evil

3
And now Adonai               take my soul               from me

                                      For it is better               my death               than my life

4
And Adonai said               your anger               is it so strong

5
And Jona left               the city               and he sat               facing the city

                                      And he made a hut                                       and sat under       it       covered                                       to see what would happen               to the city

6
And Adonai God set out               a plant               and it rose               above Jona               to cover               his head               to discover his evil

                                      And Jona had joy                                       for the plant               a great joy

7
And God set out               a worm               at the break of dawn               the next day

                                      And it struck the plant               and it withered

8
And it happened               when the sun shone               that God set out               a slashing wind from the east                                       and the sun struck                     on Jona’s head       and he was faint

                                      And he asked his soul               to die               and he said better my death               than my life

9
And God said               to Jona               is your               anger so strong               for the plant

                                      And he said               my anger is so strong               to the point of death

10
And Adonai said               you       you had pity for the plant               for which               you did not work               and which you did not grow

                                      Which overnight came and overnight was lost

11
And me               I should not pity               Niniva               the large city

                                      Where there is               more than twelve times ten thousand               people                                       who do not know               their right from their left               and many               cattle